@article {539611,
	title = {Genotypic effects, maternal effects and grand-maternal effects of immobilized derivatives of the transposable element mariner},
	journal = {Genetics},
	volume = {140},
	number = {1},
	year = {1995},
	note = {<p>Lohe, A RLidholm, D AHartl, D LengGM-33741/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/Comparative StudyResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, P.H.S.1995/05/01Genetics. 1995 May;140(1):183-92.</p>},
	month = {May},
	pages = {183-92},
	abstract = {<p>The baseline rate of spontaneous integration of the autonomous mariner element Mos1 into the germline of Drosophila melanogaster is estimated as 16 +/- 5\% (mean +/- SE) among fertile G0 flies. However, the transformation rate is reduced approximately 20-fold in Mos1 constructs with exogenous DNA in the size range 5-12 kb inserted into the SacI site. To provide alternative Mos1 helper plasmids for transformation experiments, two types of Mos1-promoter fusions were constructed: hsp-70:Mos1 and hsp26-Sgs3:Mos1. The former has the Mos1 coding region driven by the hsp70 heat-shock promoter; the latter has it driven by the basal Sgs3 promoter under the control of the hsp26 female-germline specific transcriptional regulator. When introduced into D. melanogaster by P-element-mediated germline transformation, these elements are unable to transpose or excise in the presence of autonomous Mos1-related elements (they are "marooned") because the 5{\textquoteright} inverted repeat of Mos1 is missing. As expected, the hsp26-Sgs3:Mos1 fusions exhibit a significantly greater rate of germline excision of a target mariner element than do the hsp70:Mos1 fusions. Unexpectedly, the rate of excision of target mariner elements induced by hsp26-Sgs3:Mos1 is the same in the male germline as in the female germline. Both hsp:Mos1 fusions show strong germline expression and a maternal effect of the mariner transposase. A significant grand-maternal effect of the hsp:Mos1 fusions was also detected as a result of a maternal effect on the germline of the F1 progeny. Among flies carrying the promoter fusions inherited maternally, about three-quarters of the overall rate of germline excision derives from the direct genotypic effect and about one-quarter results from the grand-maternal effect. Despite the strong somatic expression of the hsp:Mos1 fusions, mariner transformants carrying a white+ reporter gene at the SacI site remained stable in the soma.</p>},
	keywords = {Animals, DNA Transposable Elements/*genetics, Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics, Eye Color/genetics, Female, Genes, Insect, Genotype, Male, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics/metabolism, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Sequence Deletion, Transformation, Genetic},
	isbn = {0016-6731 (Print)0016-6731 (Linking)},
	author = {Lohe, A. R. and Lidholm, D. A. and Hartl, D. L.}
}
